Ever since the expansion of the universe was discovered, or almost, the question has plagued astronomers. How fast is this expansion continuing today? Because observations and theories do not give the same answer. Today, the Hubble Space Telescope offers extra precision.
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[EN VIDÉO] Interview: Why is the universe expanding? Once the expansion of the universe was discovered, other questions arose: How fast is this expansion happening? Is there acceleration? Or slowing down? Futura-Sciences interviewed Aurelian Baraw, an astronomer who specializes in cosmology and author of the book Des Universe Multiples.
Our universe is expanding. No doubt. What is to be discussed Speed This continues today Movement. Its current rate of expansion – translated by Physicists Baptism, The Hubble constant. It was in memory of the Americans Edwin Hubble Who discovered the phenomenon of the expansion of the universe and made its first measurements in the 1920s. Today the tribute is further strengthened as more researchers reveal new things. New results More accurate than ever. Derived from data collected over 30 years by Hubble Space Telescope.
It should be remembered that one of the main reasons for the existence of this instrument was the accuracy of the measurement. Efforts since the 1970s have aimed to develop a tool capable of solving. cepheids. Because Seabeats, Variable starsCosmic markers for a long time, a kind of fixed meter Measure the distance in the universe. Since 1912, exactly. We can find both of them in us Milky Way Inside only Constellations In the distance, thanks to the Hubble Space Telescope, up to about 80 millionLight years.
The first series of Seabed observations were made when Hubble was launched in the 1990s. With the main purpose of measuring the distances of galaxies closest to us. In the early 2000s, efforts Astronomers Rewarded. They were able to deduct a value Hubble constant With 10% accuracy. 72 plus or minus 8 kilometers (km / h / mbc) per megaporsec.
Which value is correct?
To refine this value, researchers added new cameras to the space telescope. With the idea of achieving 1% accuracy. One idea in particular led to collaboration Supernova, H0, dark energy level equation (SH0ES).
The new results, released today by researchers, are based on a sample of twice as many cosmic markers. They also incorporate an updated analysis of past data. In total, 42 supernovae – known to have witnessed Hubble a Supernova eruption Per year, approximately … – also useful for determining distances in the universe. Astronomers, with the size of their model, estimate that only one chance in a million is possible “From the Unfortunate Draw”. Also give the value of the Hubble constant as about 73 km / s / mbc. Exactly 73.04 +/- 1.04 km / s / Mpc.
Problem from measurements of Blank work (European Space Agency, ESA) In our early universe and according to the standard cosmological model, theorists predict that the value of the Hubble constant will be 67.5 plus or minus 0.5 km / s / Mpc. Where does this contradiction come from? Astronomers do not know yet. But they have to find the answer somewhere in the new laws Body. A The most recent study For example, trying to explain the contradiction using a “The world Glass⁇ Invisible particles can only communicate with our world Via Gravity.
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